Toyota Corolla (KE70)
Original factory
The fourth-generation model was released in March 1979 in Japan and was the last generation to have the entire lineup in rear-wheel-drive configuration. Export sales commenced in August 1979.[4] Although most of the fourth generation was replaced by 1984, the station wagon and van versions were offered into late 1987. In 1980 Corolla daily production reached an all-time high, averaging 2,346 units. The one-millionth Corolla was a 70-series, built in February 1983. A limited "One Million Edition" was released in Japan at this time
Development
This generation (apart from the wagon) got a new rear coil spring five-link rear end with a panhard rod (two years after its main Japanese rival the Nissan Sunny had made the same change), and the wheelbase was longer at 94.5 in (2,400 mm). A new 1.8 L (1,770 cc/108 in³) 3T engine was optional to some markets, while parts of the world retained the old 4K. The most notable inline-four engine advancement came in 1983, however, as Toyota began offering the 1.6 L (1,587 cc/96 in³) 4A-C. The aluminum head, SOHC engine, although bulkier in size and weight than the K and T engines it was offered alongside, was a grand step up in performance. This would be the last generation of Corollas to use any pushrod or iron cylinder head engines, as Toyota made the decision to focus exclusively on aluminium head, OHC engine design from this point forward. This was the first generation to have power steering. In the US market, this was introduced in 1981 for the 1982 model year.
Various facelifts were made during production. In 1979–1980, a four-round headlamp setup was used in most markets. A restyle for 1981 involved two rectangular headlamps. A more extensive facelift was given for 1982, involving a new sloping nose with wraparound headlights, remodeled taillights and new bumpers, which on some models were rubber moulded. From August 1983 (subsequent to the changeover to front-wheel drive for the rest of the range) the Corolla Van received a new 1.5-litre 5K-J engine as well as a light restyling, and also a roof raised by 45 mm (1.8 in). The Wagon/Van underwent a final light facelift in August 1985, including an upgraded 1C-II engine for the diesels.It also received seats that could be folded nearly flat to make the car beddable, and continued in production until being replaced by the 90-series Corolla Van/Wagon in August 1987.
Design
Design work was started in 1974 by Fumio Agetsuma. The goals he told his team were:
- Quiet cars will have a definite edge. Conservation of both resources and fuel will be very important. Economy and value will also carry considerable weight.
- Our new Corolla must be as aerodynamically perfect as the parameters allow. It must be comfortable, with enough interior room to move about in. It will need all the modern features that future customers will want as well.
- Corolla must change. But we should never destroy the popular base upon which Corolla sales are built. Our new car must reflect the wishes of the consumer, the ordinary people who drive Corollas.
In Japan, where it was introduced in March 1979, the Corolla was offered in all body styles: two-door Sedan, four-door Sedan, two-door Hardtop Coupé, three-door Coupé, and three-door Liftback Coupé. The three- or five-door Van models were added to the lineup in August 1979; until then the old 30-series Van had continued to be available. This was also when the 1.8-litre 13T engine first became available in the domestic Japanese market. The Levin continued as a coupé, with a sporting four-door sedan called the Corolla GT also available.
February 1982 saw the introduction of the Toyota 1C diesel engine installed in the Corolla sedan. This car was exclusive to the Toyota Diesel Store to encourage sales at the largely commercial truck retailer for Toyota in Japan, alongside the larger, diesel-engined Toyota Vista. At the same time, the Van was no longer available with the 1.6-litre gasoline engine, but the five-door KE73G wagon was introduced as the first Corolla Wagon to be sold in Japan (rather than the "van" commercial car). The Van/Wagon continued to be offered until August 1987, skipping the first front-wheel-drive generation of Corollas. After the introduction of the front-wheel drive E80-series Corolla, the Van range received a facelift and a new set of chassis codes (KE72V, KE74V, CE71V).
Japanese market engines:
- 4K-U — 1.3 L (1290 cc) I4, 8-valve pushrod, carb, 74 PS (54 kW) (KE70, KE73G)
- 4K-J — 1.3 L (1290 cc) I4, 8-valve pushrod, carb, 69 PS (51 kW) (KE71V, KE72V, van only) 72 PS (53 kW) in later models[11]
- 5K-J — 1.5 L (1496 cc) I4, 8-valve pushrod, carb, (KE74V, van only)
- 3A-U — 1.5 L (1,452 cc) I4, 8-valve SOHC, carb, 80 PS (59 kW) (AE70)
- 12T-J — 1.6 L (1587 cc) I4, 8-valve pushrod, carb, 86 PS (63 kW) (TE73V,TE74V from August 1981)
- 2T-GEU — 1.6 L (1587 cc) I4, 8-valve DOHC, EFI, 115 PS (85 kW) (TE71)
- 13T-U — 1.8 L (1,770 cc) I4, 8-valve pushrod, 95 PS (70 kW) (TE70)
- 3T-C — 1.8 L (1,770 cc) I4, 8-valve pushrod (TE72)
- 1C – 1.8 L I4 diesel, 65 PS (48 kW)[(CE70, CE71V)
North America
The E70-series Corolla Hardtop and Liftback models were among the last true pillarless hardtops available in the United States. These models used the same 13-inch styled steel wheels and trim rings that graced the U.S-market 1974–75 Celica GT.
North American market engines:
- 3T-C — 1.8 L (1,770 cc) I4, 8-valve Pushrod, carb, 75 hp (56 kW)
- 4A-C — 1.6 L (1,587 cc) I4, 8-valve SOHC, carb, 90 hp (67 kW)
North American market VDS:
- E71 — Sedan, 2-door/4-door (Std, DX)
- E71 — Wagon, 5-door (Std, DX)
- E71 — Hardtop, 2-door (SR5)
- E71 — Coupé, 2-door (SR5)
- E71 — Liftback, 3-door (Std, SR5)
- E72 — Sedan, 5-door (Std, DX)
- E72 — Wagon (Std, DLX)
- E72 — Coupé 2-door (Std, SR5)
- E72 — Liftback, 3-door (Std, SR5)
- E72 — Hardtop, 2-door (Std, SR5)
- E75 — Hardtop, 2-door (SR5)
- E75 — Coupé, 2-door (SR5)
- E75 — Liftback, 3-door (Std, SR5)
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